Arthritis Exercises

Arthritis Exercises

What Is Arthritis?
There are over 100 forms of arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. These diseases may cause pain, stiffness, and swelling in joints and other supporting structures of the body such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones. Some forms can also affect other parts of the body, including various internal organs.
Many people use the word "arthritis" to refer to all rheumatic diseases. However, the word literally means joint inflammation; that is, swelling, redness, heat, and pain caused by tissue injury or disease in the joint. The many different kinds of arthritis comprise just a portion of the rheumatic diseases. Some rheumatic diseases are described as connective tissue diseases because they affect the body's connective tissue--the supporting framework of the body and its internal organs. Others are known as autoimmune diseases because they are caused by a problem in which the immune system harms the body's own healthy tissues. Examples of some rheumatic diseases are:
* Osteoarthritis
* Rheumatoid arthritis
* Fibromyalgia
* Systemic lupus erythematosus
* Scleroderma
* Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
* Ankylosing spondylitis
* Gout
In this booklet, the term arthritis will be used as a general term to refer to arthritis and other rheumatic diseases.
Should People With Arthritis Exercise?
Yes. Studies have shown that exercise helps people with arthritis in many ways. Exercise reduces joint pain and stiffness and increases flexibility, muscle strength, cardiac fitness, and endurance. It also helps with weight reduction and contributes to an improved sense of well-being.
How Does Exercise Fit Into a Treatment Plan for People With Arthritis?
Exercise is one part of a comprehensive arthritis treatment plan. Treatment plans also may include rest and relaxation, proper diet, medication, and instruction about proper use of joints and ways to conserve energy (that is, not waste motion) as well as the use of pain relief methods.
What Types of Exercise Are Most Suitable for Someone With Arthritis?
Three types of exercise are best for people with arthritis:
* Range-of-motion exercises (e.g., dance) help maintain normal joint movement and relieve stiffness. This type of exercise helps maintain or increase flexibility.
* Strengthening exercises (e.g., weight training) help keep or increase muscle strength. Strong muscles help support and protect joints affected by arthritis.
* Aerobic or endurance exercises (e.g., bicycle riding) improve cardiovascular fitness, help control weight, and improve overall function. Weight control can be important to people who have arthritis because extra weight puts extra pressure on many joints. Some studies show that aerobic exercise can reduce inflammation in some joints.
Most health clubs and community centers offer exercise programs for people with physical limitations.
How Does a Person With Arthritis Start an Exercise Program?
People with arthritis should discuss exercise options with their doctors and other health care providers. Most doctors recommend exercise for their patients. Many people with arthritis begin with easy, range-of-motion exercises and low-impact aerobics. People with arthritis can participate in a variety of, but not all, sports and exercise programs. The doctor will know which, if any, sports are off-limits.
The doctor may have suggestions about how to get started or may refer the patient to a physical therapist. It is best to find a physical therapist who has experience working with people who have arthritis. The therapist will design an appropriate home exercise program and teach clients about pain-relief methods, proper body mechanics (placement of the body for a given task, such as lifting a heavy box), joint protection, and conserving energy.

Hair loss for women

Hair loss for women

There are five steps in this guide, the last of which will provide you with treatments to begin as soon as you're ready. We don't carry nor create our own products. We just point you to the most scientifically backed options available. Let's get started!
Do you have Patchy Hair Loss?
If you are experiencing any form of patchy hair loss or total loss of hair on your head, or other parts of your body, this guide is not for you. Please visit our "Guide to the Alopecias" for information custom tailored to your needs.
You are not alone.
It's hard enough for a man to lose his hair, but at least it is socially acceptable. For a woman losing her hair, the experience can be a thousand times more difficult. Confusion, fear, and anxiety can set in, and the feeling of helplessness is understandable. HairlossTalk has been around for over 8 years, and in that time we found that nearly 30% of our visitors are female. And we have a lot of visitors. Over 2 million a year. So rest assured that you are not on your own with this.
This site has a close-knit community of females dealing with this condition in all its forms, and we hope you will participate. But right now you're here to get help, get on some treatments, and get some direction on what to do next. And that's exactly why we created this guide...
Despite what you may think, as a woman, you do have options. There are products out there that can help, and treatments your physician can administer that will work - even for a woman. This is not just a condition seen only in men. Nearly 40% of women by age 60 experience some form of hair loss. It's no longer about male hair loss versus female hair loss. The causes may be very different, but the solutions are very straightforward.
You will need to do your own Footwork
It is unfortunate but true that Physicians these days seem to have less and less education on many conditions, and being proactive on behalf of your own health is imperative to getting good treatment.
The average doctor knows little about men's hair loss, let alone women's, which is far more complex.
In the next few pages, we will arm you with knowledge. It will be your job to discuss this information with your physician and get the care you need. Expect to hit some roadblocks along the way however, as this is the sad state of our medical system today. The physician fully educated in women's hair loss will undoubtedly agree with anything you find here.
The most common causes of hair loss in women are hormonally related. Whether it be an overactive thyroid, or the after effects of menopause or pregnancy, there usually is a "good" reason why women lose their hair. The key is to find out what the reason is, and to then evaluate your options in dealing with it. If and when this is not possible, we will give you the steps on how to proceed. First things first though, let's find out how to help your doctor diagnose your condition.

Female Contraceptives

Female Contraceptives

Description
An in-depth report on the birth control options available to women.
Alternative Names
Diaphragm; Norplant; Oral Contraception; Tubal Ligation
Female Sterilization
Female surgical sterilization (also called tubal sterilization, tubal ligation, and tubal occlusion) is a low-risk, highly effective one-time procedure that offers lifelong protection against pregnancy. About 700,000 women undergo this procedure each year in the US, where it is the most popular form of contraception.
Basics of Female Sterilization
Female surgical sterilization procedures block the fallopian tubes and thereby prevents sperm from reaching and fertilizing the eggs. The ovaries continue to function normally, but the eggs they release break up and are harmlessly absorbed by the body. Tubal sterilization is performed in a hospital or outpatient clinic under local or general anesthesia.
The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. The ovaries produce the eggs that travel through the fallopian tubes. Once the egg has left the ovary it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The main function of the uterus is to nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.
Sterilization does not cause menopause. Menstruation continues as before, with usually very little difference in length, regularity, flow, or cramping. (One study suggested that women with a history of Cesarean section may experience slightly heavier bleeding.) Sterilization does not offer protection against STDs.

How to detect breast cancer

How to detect breast cancer

Breast Cancer: Breast Self-Exam
The most effective way to fight breast cancer is to detect it early. A breast self awareness and self-exam may help, although the most effective tools to detect breast cancer are mammography and clinical breast exam by your health professional. In fact, women who perform regular breast self-exams and learn what is normal find may find abnormalities earlier .
What Is a Breast Self-Exam and Why Should I Do It?
The breast self-exam is a way that you can check your breasts for changes (such as lumps or thickenings), it includes looking at and feeling your breast. Any unusual changes should be reported to your doctor. When breast cancer is detected in its early stages, your chances for surviving the disease are greatly improved. While 80% of all breast lumps are not cancerous, you can help catch potentially serious changes in the breast early by breast self awareness and by regularly performing a self-exam.
When Should I Perform a Breast Self-Exam?
It is good to start performing breast self exams in your 20's. If you chose to do breast self-examinations, you should examine your breasts regularly , three to five days after your menstrual period ends. If you have stopped menstruating, perform the exam on the same day of each month, such as the first day of the month or a day easy for you to remember, such as your birth date. With each exam, you will become familiar with the contours and feel of your breasts, and will be more alert to changes.
How Do I Perform a Breast Self-Exam?
To perform a breast self-exam, follow the steps described below.
In the mirror:
1. Stand undressed from the waist up in front of a large mirror in a well-lit room. Look at your breasts. Don't be alarmed if they do not look equal in size or shape. Most women's breasts aren't. With your arms relaxed by your sides, look for any changes in size, shape or position, or any changes to the skin of the breasts. Look for any skin puckering, dimpling, sores or discoloration. Inspect your nipples and look for any sores, peeling or change in the direction of the nipples.
2. Next, place your hands on your hips and press down firmly to tighten the chest muscles beneath your breasts. Turn from side to side so you can inspect the outer part of your breasts.
3. Then bend forward toward the mirror. Roll your shoulders and elbows forward to tighten your chest muscles. Your breasts will fall forward. Look for any changes in the shape or contour of your breasts.
4. Now, clasp your hands behind your head and press your hands forward. Again, turn from side to side to inspect your breasts' outer portions. Remember to inspect the border underneath your breasts. You may need to lift your breasts with your hand to see this area.
5. Check your nipples for discharge (fluid). Place your thumb and forefinger on the tissue surrounding the nipple and pull outward toward the end of the nipple. Look for any discharge. Repeat on your other breast.
In the shower
6. Now, it's time to feel for changes in the breast. It is helpful to have your hands slippery with soap and water. Check for any lumps or thickening in your underarm area. Place your left hand on your hip and reach with your right hand to feel in the left armpit. Repeat on the other side.
7. Check both sides for lumps or thickenings above and below your collarbone.
8. With hands soapy, raise one arm behind your head to spread out the breast tissue. Use the flat part of your fingers from the other hand to press gently into the breast. Follow an up-and-down pattern along the breast, moving from bra line to collarbone. Continue the pattern until you have covered the entire breast. Repeat on the other side.
Lying down
9. Next, lie down and place a small pillow or folded towel under your right shoulder. Put your right hand behind your head. Place your left hand on the upper portion of your right breast with fingers together and flat. Body lotion may help to make this part of the exam easier.
10. Think of your breast as a face on a clock. Start at 12 o'clock and move toward 1 o'clock in small circular motions. Continue around the entire circle until you reach 12 o'clock again. Keep your fingers flat and in constant contact with your breast. When the circle is complete, move in one inch toward the nipple and complete another circle around the clock. Continue in this pattern until you've felt the entire breast. Make sure to feel the upper outer areas that extend into your armpit.
11. Place your fingers flat and directly on top of your nipple. Feel beneath the nipple for any changes. Gently press your nipple inward. It should move easily.
How Do I Perform a Breast Self-Exam? continued...
Repeat steps 9, 10 and 11 on your other breast.
Interestingly, cancerous tumors are more likely to be found in certain parts of the breast over others. If you divide the breast into 4 sections, the approximate percentage of breast cancers found in each area are (in clockwise pattern):
* 41% upper, outer quadrant
* 14% upper, inner quadrant
* 5% lower, inner quadrant
* 6% lower, outer quadrant
* 34% in the area behind the nipple
Almost half occur in the upper outer quadrant of the breast, towards the armpit. Some physicians refer to this region as the "tail" of the breast and encourage women to examine it closely.
What Should I Do If I Find a Lump?
See your healthcare provider if you discover any new breast changes, changes that persist after your menstrual cycle, or other changes that you are concerned about. Conditions that should be checked by a doctor include:
* An area that is distinctly different from any other area on either breast.
* A lump or thickening in or near the breast or in the underarm that persists through the menstrual cycle.
* A change in the size, shape or contour of the breast.
* A mass or lump, which may feel as small as a pea.
* A marble-like area under the skin.
* A change in the feel or appearance of the skin on the breast or nipple (dimpled, puckered, scaly or inflamed).
* Bloody or clear fluid discharge from the nipples.
* Redness of the skin on the breast or nipple.

Top 10 Cancer Symptoms Women

Top 10 Cancer Symptoms Women

Women especially need to be aware of any signs and symptoms their bodies may be exhibiting. Many types of gynecologic cancer produce symptoms early enough for them to be successfully treated. When the symptoms are ignored, the delay in treatment can prove to be fatal. Ladies, listen to your bodies! If you are experiencing something abnormal for you, see your doctor. Chances are the symptoms aren't cancer related, but it's better to be safe.
1. Pelvic Pain
Pelvic pain is characterized by pain or pressure below the navel. It is persistent and isn't limited to just premenstrual syndrome. Pelvic pain is associated with endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, fallopian tube cancer and vaginal cancer.
2. Abdominal Swelling and Bloating
Abdominal swelling and bloating is one of the more common symptoms of ovarian cancer. It is also a symptom that is most ignored. The bloating may be so bad that one can't button their pants, or even have to go up a size.
3. Persistent Lower Back Pain
Lower back pain occurs in the lower back and often feels like a dull ache. Some women describe it as feeling like labor pains. Lower back pain is a symptom of ovarian cancer.
4. Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding
Abnormal vaginal bleeding is the most common symptom experienced by women when they have a gynecologic cancer. Heavy periods, bleeding between periods, and bleeding during and after sex are all considered abnormal vaginal bleeding and are symptoms of gynecologic cancer. The symptom of abnormal vaginal bleeding is linked to: cervical cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer.
5. Persistent Fever
A fever that does not go away or lasts for more than 7 days on and off should be reported to your doctor. A stubborn fever is often a symptom of cancer. Keep in mind that a fever is also a symptoms of many other benign conditions.
6. Persistent Stomach Upset or Bowel Changes
If you experience constipation, diarrhea, blood in the stools, gas, thinner stools, or just a general overall change in bowel habits, see your doctor. These changes are all symptoms of gynecologic cancer and colon cancer.
7. Unintentional Weight Loss
Losing 10 or more pounds without trying may be a nice surprise, but isn't quite normal. Although a woman's weight may fluctuate throughout the month, any thing 10 pounds or more should be reported to your doctor.
8. Vulva or Vaginal Abnormalities
With vulvar or vaginal abnormalities, you should be aware of any sores, blister, changes in skin color, and discharge. Women should exam their vulva and vagina regularly to look for these abnormalities.
9. Changes in the Breast
During the monthly breast self exam, women should look for lumps. soreness, nipple discharge, dimpling, redness, or swelling. Report any changes to your doctor as soon as possible.
10. Fatigue
Fatigue is one of the most commonly experienced cancer symptom. It is usually more common when the cancer has advanced, but still occurs in the early stages. Any type of fatigue that prevents you from doing normal daily activities need to be evaluated by a doctor.

Zerona Laser

Zerona Laser

When you want to get rid of excess body fat, diet and exercise may not be enough. Your genetic makeup dictates where you will accumulate and store a few extra ounces and pounds of body fat over your lifetime, and these deposits can become resistant to any type of diet or lifestyle changes. Liposuction and laser fat removal procedures offer a few options for getting rid of excess fat for good. The Zerona low-level laser was introduced in April 2008, and is one of the first noninvasive fat removal procedures on the market. Here’s a close look at the benefits and drawbacks of the Zerona laser:
How the Zerona Laser Works
The Zerona system is a low-level laser designed to get rid of body fat and shape and tone up the skin without surgery. Results of a pilot study were presented to the American Society of Lasers in Medicine and Surgery in 2008, and the procedure has received FDA clearance to be used in the United States. The low-level laser helped patients lose an average of 5-6 inches from their waists, hips and thighs in a matter of a few weeks.
The Zerona laser works by emitting cold laser energy into the body tissues; this energy is absorbed by the body fat, and the fat is broken down and then channeled out of the body. The laser virtually stimulates the break down and removal of body fat, without affecting the surrounding skin and tissues.
Key Benefits of the Zerona Laser
Results of the pilot study showed that patients could lose as much as nine inches after their first series of treatments; results could be seen in approximately 14days, and no side effects were reported. Other key benefits of the Zerona laser include:
* No downtime
* No incisions or marks from the treatment
* No need to wear compression garments
* Ongoing fat loss days and weeks after treatment
* No reported side effects
* Uses the Erchnoia laser, which received FDA market clearance for liposuction in 2004, and for acne in 2005
Drawbacks of the Zerona Laser
While the Zerona laser offers several benefits, there are some drawbacks to be aware of. Some of the disadvantages of the procedure include:
* No long-term studies to support effectiveness (product has only been on the market since 200)
* No guarantee on inches lost
* Need for continuous treatments in order to stimulate fat loss; in some cases, up to six sessions in a two-week time frame
* Need to maintain a healthy diet and continue exercise to keep the weight off
Overall, the Zerona laser offers several benefits for anyone who wants to get rid of a few ‘vanity pounds’ and improve their figure. The procedure is performed on an outpatient basis at a cosmetic surgery center or medical spa. Prices vary by location, and most doctors offer a discount on a package of six or ten treatments.

Anemia Disease

Anemia Disease

In anemia of chronic disease, some chronic disorder slows the production of red blood cells, the result of production of proteins called cytokines that interfere with the production of red blood cells.
Chronic disease often leads to anemia, especially in older adults. Conditions such as infections, inflammation, and cancer particularly suppress production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. Since the suppression is usually not severe, anemia develops slowly and is evident only after time. Problems with how the body uses iron contribute to anemia of chronic disease. Because the bone marrow is unable to use stored iron to create new red blood cells, this type of anemia is often called iron-reutilization anemia.
Because this type of anemia develops slowly and is generally mild, it usually produces few or no symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they usually result from the disease causing the anemia rather than from the anemia itself. There are no specific laboratory tests, so the diagnosis is typically made by excluding other causes.
Because no specific treatment exists for this type of anemia, doctors treat the disorder causing it. Taking additional iron or vitamins does not help. On the rare occasion that the anemia becomes severe, transfusions may help. Alternatively, erythropoietin Some Trade Names
EPOGEN/PROCRIT
or darbepoietin, drugs that stimulate the bone marrow to produce red blood cells, may be given.

Anemia Symptom

What Are The Symptoms Of Anemia?
A person with anemia will feel tired and weak because the body's tissues are being starved of oxygen. In fact, fatigue is the main symptom of most types of anemia. The severity of symptoms is in part related to the severity of anemia. Mild anemia can occur without symptoms and may be detected only during a medical exam that includes a blood test.
Symptoms of anemia include:

* Fatigue

* Weakness

* Fainting

* Breathlessness

* Heart palpitations (rapid or irregular beating)

* Dizziness

* Headache

* Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)

* Difficulty sleeping

* Difficulty concentrating
Common signs include:
* Pale complexion

* The normally red lining of the mouth and eyelids fades in color

* Rapid heartbeat (tachycardia An abnormally rapid heart rate, usually defined as a rate greater than 100 beats per minute. An abnormally rapid heart rate, usually defined as a rate greater than 100 beats per minute. )

* Abnormal menstruation (either absence of periods or increased bleeding)

Anemia Treatment

Anemia Treatment

Heart failure patients may benefit from treatment of anaemia similarly to those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or cancer.
Anaemia is common to many diseases (chronic kidney disease, cancer, chronic heart failure) as well as a consequence of treatment for diseases such as cancer, specifically with chemotherapeutic agents. Anaemia may contribute to lethargy, reduced exercise tolerance and poor quality of life. Therefore, raising haemoglobin (Hb) in anaemic patients has long been thought to be a beneficial therapeutic goal.
In contrast to CKD and cancer, attaining higher Hb targets does not appear to be associated with increased major events in early phase trials. On the other hand, the incremental benefit on exercise tolerance was also not large in these studies. Therefore, we are left with an equipoise situation in the treatment of the anaemia of heart failure, requiring a definitive outcome trial, which is currently occurring (RED-HF).
Erythropoietin is an endogenous hormone that raises Hb levels and various synthetic approaches have been developed to allow administration of this agent as a therapeutic. Improvements in patient symptom status and quality-of-life have consistently been observed in the literature with erythropoietin across a number of disease categories. However, a question has arisen as to whether there may be detrimental effects of raising Hb either too fast or to too high a level with these agents. In particular, studies in patients with anaemia of cancer and the treatment of cancer as well as with those in CKD have demonstrated that higher Hb targets are associated with adverse clinical outcomes including death and major cardiovascular events.
Prospective trials are needed to address this issue, by randomising patients to differing Hb targets and looking specifically at cardiovascular events. Such an ongoing large-scale study is TREAT, which is looking at erythropoietin in CKD patients with diabetes.

Iron Anemia

Iron Anemia

What is Iron Deficiency Anemia?
Iron Deficiency Anemia (also called IDA) is a condition where a person has inadequate amounts of iron to meet body demands. It is a decrease in the amount of red cells in the blood caused by having too little iron. Iron deficiency anemia is usually caused by a diet insufficient in iron or from blood loss. Blood loss can be acute as in hemorrhage or trauma or long term as in heavy menstruation.
Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia. About 20% of women, 50% of pregnant women, and 3% of men are iron deficient.
Some people with iron deficiency anemia always feel cold. They feel cold because iron plays a role in regulating the body's temperature.
Iron deficiency anemia and sickle cell anemia are VERY DIFFERENT.
Individuals with iron deficiency anemia may also experience pica.
What is Iron?
Iron is an essential component of hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying pigment in the blood. Iron is normally obtained through the food in the diet.
Iron is part of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying component of the blood. Iron-deficient people tire easily because their bodies are starved for oxygen. Iron is also part of myoglobin. Myoglobin helps muscle cells store oxygen. Without enough iron, the body's fuel cannot be properly synthesized.
What Causes Iron Deficiency Anemia?
The main causes of iron deficiency are: poor absorption of iron by the body (Vitamin C aides in iron absorption), inadequate daily intake of iron, pregnancy, growth spurts or blood loss due to heavy period or internal bleeding.
Anemia develops slowly after the normal stores of iron have been depleted in the body and in the bone marrow. Women, in general, have smaller stores of iron than men. Women also lose iron more frequently than men because of the blood loss during menstruation.
In men and postmenopausal women, anemia is usually due to gastrointestinal blood loss associated with ulcers, the use of aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDS), or colon cancer.
Gaucher Disease may also cause anemia.
Am I at Risk for Iron Deficiency Anemia?
High-risk groups include: women of child-bearing age who have blood loss through menstruation; pregnant or lactating women who have an increased requirement for iron; infants, children, and adolescents in rapid growth phases; and people with a poor dietary intake of iron through a diet of little or no meat or eggs for several years. Risk factors related to blood loss are peptic ulcer disease, long term aspirin use, or colon cancer.
Vegetarians are at risk of developing anemia. This usually occurs because they don't eat meat, (especially red meat) which is high in iron. However, vegetarians don't always develop anemia. There are many vegetables that contain iron (such as broccoli and spinach).
Can Anemia be Prevented?
Yes. If your diet is high in iron, you probably won't be anemic. Iron can be found in red meat, liver, raisins, spinach, broccoli, and egg yolks.
What are the Symptoms of Iron Deficiency Anemia?
There are many symptoms of anemia. Each individual will not experience all the symptoms and if the anemia is mild, the symptoms may not be noticeable. Some of the symptoms are: Pale skin color, fatigue, irritability, dizziness, weakness, shortness of breath, sore tongue, brittle nails, decreased appetite (especially in children), headache - frontal.
How will I know if I'm Anemic?
If you believe you may be anemic, ask your doctor and he will perform some tests. The tests are simple. Some of the tests are: red blood cell measures of hemocrit and hemoglobin; size of red blood cells, serum iron level, and iron binding capacity in the blood.

Anemia Causes

Anemia Causes

Many medical conditions cause anemia. Common causes of anemia include the following:
* Anemia from active bleeding: Loss of blood through heavy menstrual bleeding or, wounds can cause anemia. Gastrointestinal ulcers or cancers such as cancer of the colon may slowly ooze blood and can also cause anemia.
* Iron deficiency anemia: The bone marrow needs iron to make red blood cells. Iron plays an important role in the proper structure of the hemoglobin molecule. If iron intake is limited or inadequate due to poor dietary intake, anemia may occur as a result. This is called iron deficiency anemia.
* Anemia of of chronic disease: Any long-term medical condition can lead to anemia. The exact mechanism of this process in unknown, but any long-standing and ongoing medical condition such as an infection or a cancer may cause this type of anemia.
* Anemia related to kidney disease: The kidneys release a hormone called the erythropoietin that helps the bone marrow make red blood cells. In people with chronic (long-standing) kidney disease, the production of this hormone is diminished, and this in turn diminishes the production of red blood cells, causing anemia. This is called anemia related to chronic kidney disease.
* Anemia related to pregnancy: Water weight gain during pregnancy dilutes the blood, which may be reflected as anemia.
* Anemia related to poor nutrition: Vitamins and minerals are required to make red blood cells. In addition to iron, vitamin B12 and folate are required for the proper production of hemoglobin. Deficiency in any of these may cause anemia because of inadequate production of red blood cells. Poor dietary intake is an important cause of low folate and low vitamin B12 levels. Strict vegetarians who do not take sufficient vitamins are at risk to develop vitamin B12 deficiency.
* Pernicious Anemia: There also may be a problem in the stomach or the intestines leading to poor absorption of vitamin B12. This may lead to anemia because of vitamin B12 deficiency known as pernicious anemia.
* Sickle cell anemia: In some individuals, the problem may be related to production of abnormal hemoglobin molecules. In this condition the hemoglobin problem is qualitative, or functional. Abnormal hemoglobin molecules may cause problems in the integrity of the red blood cell structure and they may become crescent-shaped (sickle cells). There are different types of sickle call anemia with different severity levels. This is typically hereditary and is more common in those of African, Middle Eastern, and Mediterranean ancestry.
* Thalassemia: this is another group of hemoglobin-related causes of anemia. There are many types of thalassemia, which vary in severity. These are also hereditary, but they cause quantitative hemoglobin abnormalities, meaning an insufficient number of hemoglobin molecules is made.
* Alcoholism: Poor nutrition and deficiencies of vitamins and minerals are associated with alcoholism. Alcohol itself may also be toxic to the bone marrow and may slow down the red blood cell production. The combination of these factors may lead to anemia in alcoholics.
* Bone marrow-related anemia: Anemia may be related to diseases involving the bone marrow. Some blood cancers such as leukemia or lymphomas can alter the production of red blood cells and result in anemia. Other processes may be related to a cancer from another organ spreading to the bone marrow.
* Aplastic anemia: Occasionally some viral infections may severely affect the bone marrow and diminish production of all blood cells. Chemotherapy (cancer medications) and some other medications may pose the same problems.
* Hemolytic anemia: The normal red blood cell shape is important for its function. Hemolytic anemia is a type of anemia in which the red blood cells rupture (known as hemolysis) and become dysfunctional. This could happen due to a variety of reasons. Some forms of hemolytic anemia can be hereditary with constant destruction and rapid reproduction of red blood cells. This destruction may also happen to normal red blood cells in certain conditions, for example, with abnormal heart valves damaging the blood cells.
* Other less common causes of anemia include medication side effects, thyroid problems, cancers, liver disease, other genetic disorders, lead poisoning, AIDS, and bleeding disorders. It is noteworthy that there are many other potential causes of anemia that are not included in this list and these are only some of the more common and important ones.

Acne Skin Care

Acne Skin Care

The most important thing you need to realize before using any acne skin care products is that it does not work the same for every person. Because of our skin condition and the way we look, think and feel, no one acne skin care product is suitable for everyone.
Before we discuss the different types of acne skin care products, we will discuss what is Acne?
The medical definition in short is that it is caused by the inflammation of the skin. Usually, because of hormones that are released on the skin’s oil glands. They lead to pores being blocked and symptoms of pimples and zits.
Acne usually occurs on the upper part of your body such as the neck, face, back, chest and shoulders.
Though some acne cases are due to heredity, the majority of acne problems are caused by our way of life. For example, the type of food that you eat, how you clean your skin, your mental condition such as stress can all determine whether you have an acne breakout.
Types of Acne Skin Care Products
The majority of acne skin care products can be divided into 2 types. They can be taken either orally (taken like medicine) or topically (applied on the skin). There is a third type of acne skin care products which is laser treatments, but there is for serious acne cases and you will need to consult a dermatologist.
1. Wash your face regularly. If possible, at least twice a day to keep your face fresh and clean
2. If you have long hair, remember to keep it away from your face. The oils in the hair can aggravate acne. If the majority of your acne occurs near your forehead, then it may be due to your hair aggravating your acne problems.
3. Drink plenty of fluids. By that I mean water, juices, not beverages and alcohol
4. Sleep early and get plenty of sleep. When your body is well-rested, there is less chance of an acne breakout
5. Do not squeeze pimples. When the pore is broken, bacteria can easily get in and infect the skin. Plus, it may cause permanent scarring.
6. Avoid Stress. There have been studies that shows your mental health is just as important in preventing acne.
7. Follow the instructions as in your acne skin care products carefully. Do not use more or less than the recommended amounts. Sometimes, it’s because we do not follow the instructions carefully therefore we do not get the maximum effects.

Acne Pimples

Acne Pimples

Pimples are tiny skin lesions or inflammations of the skin. They are commonly caused by clogged or infected pores. They may appear as deeper lumps (cysts or nodules) on the face, neck, chest, back and sometimes shoulders.
Severe acne can affect many facets of a person's life, causing a great deal of embarrassment and stress. Some severe forms of acne like acne cysts may rupture and cause scars that can result in psychological effects on the sufferer. Having skin full of pimples and zits may significantly limit one's social life. Although acne is not considered to be a life threatening disorder, the psychological impact of acne can be quite profound as it affects the most visible parts of your body.
If your acne condition is severe it can cause disfiguring and require years of treatment. In such cases seeking the help of a qualified dermatologist will be your best option.
What Causes Pimples & Acne
Pimples usually develop after blackheads or whiteheads have become infected.
There are oil glands on your chest, face and back numbering in the thousands. In fact, between the nose and cheek areas there are as many as two thousand oil glands every square inch. The function of these oil glands is to lubricate the skin by producing oil, or sebum. Oil that is produced in the glands flows through follicles or tiny ducts to the surface of the skin. It usually starts far beneath the surface of the skin. A blemish (or internal lump) begins about 2 to 3 weeks before it appears on your skin's surface. Acne first begins to form in your sebaceous hair follicles. You know this as "pores", the tiny holes on you skin. Deep within each hair follicle, sebaceous glands generate sebum, the oil that keeps your skin soft, moist and pliable. As part of your skin's renewal process the old cells die and are shed off. Normally, this cell shedding process happens gradually, and fresh new skin takes its place.
But sloughing (the process where living tissue is separated from dead skin tissue) is not the same for everyone. Some people shed cells evenly while others don't. The result of uneven sloughing is that dead cells become sticky, clogging together to form a plug, similar to a cork in a bottle. This plug traps oil and bacteria inside the follicle.
The trapped oil begins to form a lump as your skin continues its normal oil production. Your body's natural defense system then sends an army of white blood cells to attack the bacteria. The whole process takes around 2 to 3 weeks, resulting in a pimple.
Many teenagers experience pimple outbreaks. It is at this time that the skin attempts to adjust to hormonal changes that occur during puberty. There is a tendency for most people when seeing a 'ripe' pimple try to pick or squeeze it. This will cause further damage to your skin as germs or bacterias from your finger tips can cause inflammation and scarring as a result. The risk of infection is also increased. Most times, when acne is ignored, it can leave visible scars on your skin.
Acne Treatment
If left untreated acne can be a serious problem. Chris Gibson, who was once a chronic acne sufferer, found a scientically proven way to permanently clear his acne problem. In fact he cured his acne in 3 days without any harsh prescription drugs or over-the-counter products. In this well researched book Chris revealed the fast and easy way to get rid of your pimples, zits, whiteheads and blackheads.
For pimples that are persistent, consult your dermatologist for an antibiotic solution to be applied to the surface of the skin or an oral antibiotic. Using antibiotics as acne treatment functions to suppress bacterial growth thereby reducing the recurrence of persistent acne.
If you are considering an acne treatment, it's important to get sound information from a reputable source so you know what to expect. Healthy Skin Portal leads you into a range of skin care treatments with details on the top skin care clinics in your area.

Acupuncture and Pregnancy

Acupuncture and Pregnancy

In most medical treatment, the words "needle" and "relaxing" don't generally go together.
But when Holly Buchanan of Newmarket, N.H., turned to acupuncture to induce labor at 42 weeks, she experienced "a wave of warmth and realization that gave me a moment to reflect on my body, instead of having my head filled with worry over my first baby being overdue."
One Harvard University study estimates that Americans visit acupuncturists more than five million times a year. The National Institutes of Health reports ever increasing use of acupuncture by thousands of doctors, dentists and other practitioners to treat or prevent many illnesses.
Chinese medicine identifies more than 2,000 acupuncture points connected with pathways called meridians that conduct vital energy or qi (pronounced "chee") throughout the body. Illness or symptoms are associated with an imbalance of this vital energy. Acupuncture uses hair-thin, disposable needles to stimulate specific areas associated with organ functions in order to restore balance and help the body maintain its own health.

Reflexology

Reflexology

Reflexology is the physical act of applying pressure to the feet and hand with specific thumb, finger and hand techniques without the use of oil or lotion. it is based on a system of zones and reflex areas that reflect an image of the body on the feet and hands with a premise that such work effects a physical change to the body.
In a reflexology chart the body is reflected on the feet or hands. It serves a s a map for technique application to target health goals.
Left foot or hand reflects the left side of the body and the right foot or hand the right side. The spine reflex area runs down the insides of the feet and hands with reflex areas for the arm and shoulder reflected toward the outside of the foot or hand. The toes and fingers mirror the head and neck as well as the parts of the body they encase. The ball of the foot mirrors the chest and upper back in addition the heart and lungs.
Halfway down the foot at the base of the long bones of the foot is represented the waistline of the body. the parts of the body above the waistline are mirrored above this line and those below sare represented below it. Internal organs lying above the body's waistline are reflected by reflex areas above this line while those below the waistline are mirrored below this line.

Weight Loss Vitamin Supplement

Weight Loss Vitamin Supplement

Most Americans have never heard of vitamin E10 (at least not under that name), although it's one of the most important promoters of health and longevity. Decades of scientific study have shown that vitamin E10 wards off heart disease, diabetes, cancer, stroke, depression, and many other serious maladies. It helps weight loss, too. Yet most of us get far too little of it.
Our forefathers got vitamin E10 without even trying. Ninety percent of them lived, worked, and ate their meals on farms, where they found it nearly impossible to escape getting a healthy dose seven days a week. Unfortunately, today's urban dwellers can't get their E10 without determined effort and they're often too busy.
Doubles Your Burn Rate
In some ways, vitamin E10 resembles regular vitamin E. Both protect against prostate cancer. Both help to maintain physical dexterity and muscle tone. Nevertheless, getting too much of either may cause fatigue, muscle cramps, or (in women) reproductive problems. Overdosing is rare, however. A healthy adult may get several times the recommended daily amount without serious side effects.
In other respects, the two E's differ widely. Millions of men take daily supplements of ordinary E to protect against heart disease, for example, yet the latest research indicates that popping these pills may be useless for that purpose. By contrast, even a minimal supplement of E10 cuts the risk of heart attack dramatically.
Unlike regular E, the sub-10 variety is a powerful aid to weight loss. Depending on how long you've been taking it, E10 can double the rate at which your body burns calories—something no other drug has accomplished. (The doubling wears off soon after each dose is administered, but your burn rate remains mildly elevated for hours afterward.)
Although some people spend $100 to $200 a month on vitamin E10, it needn't be costly. High-priced artificial varieties have been pitched in late-night TV infomercials, but the Federal Trade Commission has declared some of these false advertising. The best vitamin E10 is completely natural and virtually free.
A Welcome Addiction
Vitamin E10 is the only mainstream supplement that produces a drug-like "high." For reasons still poorly understood, it releases neurotransmitters in the brain that bring a pleasurable feeling of well-being and confidence. It is mildly habit-forming. Heavy users who give it up for a few days report feeling cranky and nervous. Nevertheless, withdrawal is far less severe than in nicotine or even caffeine addiction.
Most people still take their vitamin E10 at home, but a growing number make a habit of dropping in at institutions where E10 is administered under professional supervision. Part of the attraction is social. Like heroin dens, E10 clubs are crowded with pleasure-seekers hoping to take the edge off a stressful day at the office only in this case, they come home with a healthy glow and a positive outlook that makes them better parents and citizens.
Thanks to such positive societal effects, many E10 clubs are subsidized by local and state governments. The feds have gotten into the act, too: The Department of Health and Human Services is now actively promoting use of E10, and recently the National Academies of Science urged a doubling of the recommended daily allowance.
Unfortunately, few Americans are heeding the message. Only 25 percent of us get enough E10, and the shortfall is now a major contributor to five of the ten leading causes of death in the United States. Encouraging Americans to get more E10, says a recent report by the Surgeon General, "is of great importance to the nation's health.

Hair Vitamin Supplement

Hair Vitamin Supplement

Vitamin Supplements
The long, heated debate over nutrient supplementation has been settled. The evidence clearly identifies that there is need for supplementation because of the changing pattern of the diet. It is the modern diet which has contributed to the increased incidences of the balding in USA. As a preventive medicine to protect against illness and the best form of treatment, there is no harm in taking supplements in limited quantities. But still, the intake of these vitamins through the diet is the best option.
A good general health also helps with good hair, but some of the vitamins directly help in hair growth. The properties of some of the vitamins have been discussed here to understand their relation to the hair.
Vitamins for Hair Growth
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is an antioxidant that helps to produce healthy sebum (oil) in the scalp. You get Vitamin A by consuming foods such as fish liver oil, milk, meat, cheese, eggs, cabbage, carrots, spinach, broccoli, apricots and peaches. The daily recommended dosage of Vitamin A is 5,000 IU. However, excessive quantities of Vitamin A can be toxic and will inhibit hair growth.
Vitamin B2
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is manufactured in the body by the intestinal flora and is easily absorbed. Very small quantities are stored, so there is a constant need for this vitamin. It is required by the body to use oxygen and for the metabolism of amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates. Riboflavin is further needed to activate vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and helps to create niacin; the vitamins which play key role in hair growth.
Although it is needed for periods of rapid growth, it is also needed when protein intake is high, and is most beneficial to the skin, hair and nails. Its deficiency has been reported to the result in hair loss. The RDA for this vitamin is 1.6 mg per day for men and 1.2 mg per day for women although 50 mg is mostly recommended for supplementation. Most of the vitamins are available as combination as B complex vitamin it is also best taken with vitamin C to help with absorption.
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B6 is thought to prevent hair loss and help create melanin, the pigment which gives hair its color. You get Vitamin B6 by eating foods such as liver, whole grain cereals, vegetables, organ meats and egg yolks. The daily recommended dose is 1.6 mg. B6 is involved in over 100 enzymatic functions, including the conversion of the amino acid tryptophan into niacin. The Pyridoxine is also well known for its beneficial and calming effects on the nervous and immune systems.
B6 plays a key role in red blood cell metabolism and cellular growth. It is responsible for the production of hemoglobin, a compound within the red blood cells that carries oxygen to body tissue. B6 also increases the amount of oxygen carried within the hemoglobin, thereby also increasing overall vitality.
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Vitamin Niacin has been shown to work best when combined with biotin. Niacin is also known to have a positive effect on hair growth by reducing cholesterol which if it produced in the scalp sebaceous glands can trigger the formation of DHT.
Vitamin B9 (Folic acid)
Vitamin B9, known as folic acid, is also a very important vitamin which is related to the treatment of anemia in women during pregnancy.
The vitamin is also important for hair. Its deficiency during pregnancy is responsible for hair loss. So some pregnant women may need its supplementation.
The recommended daily allowance for this vitamin is 100 mcg.
Vitamin H (Biotin)
Biotin vitamin has much value with regards to hair growth and anyone who is experiencing hair loss might try biotin supplements. Women can keep their hair longer and promote hair growth by taking a biotin supplement or hair vitamins containing biotin.
The word biotin comes from the Greek word ‘bios’, meaning life. As per its name, biotin is responsible for the metabolization of fats, carbohydrates and building block of proteins the amino acids in the body due to its co-enzymatic properties.
Biotin is so important to hair health, that many dermatologists prescribe biotin supplements to their patients as part of their Medical Hair Restoration treatment for hair loss. It is taken along with other medications used for medical hair restoration. Besides promoting hair growth, it also protects hair against dryness by being involved in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fats. Lack of biotin has been shown to result in hair loss for both men and women.
Biotin supplements are usually found along with other B vitamins in most B complex formulas, however, biotin can be found separately or in combination with brewer’s yeast as well. Usual preparations contain either 10 mcg, 50 mcg or 100 mcg tablets. As with many of the vitamins, the recommended dose varies with age and weight. The average dose for adults 19 an over however, is 30 mcg per day. A health practitioner may recommend much higher doses (up to 1,000 mcg) depending on the severity and type of problem, but it is always best to speak to a medical professional before self-medicating above the recommended dosage. Biotin is a non-toxic compound because all excess amounts are regularly eliminated through the urine.
Biotin, along with Vitamin B3 and Vitamin B6 supplements, is an integral component of most of the hair growth formulas.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is the natural antioxidant that helps maintain healthy hair and skin. You get Vitamin C by consuming foods such as citrus fruits, kiwi, pineapple, tomatoes, green peppers, potatoes with their skins and dark green vegetables. The daily recommended dose is 60 mg.
Vitamin E
increases scalp circulation which is vital for hair growth. You get Vitamin E by eating foods such as wheat germ oil, soybeans, raw seeds ad nuts, dried beans and leafy green vegetables. The daily recommended dose is up to 400 IU.

Liquid Vitamin Supplement

Liquid Vitamin Supplement

Did you know that, on average, an estimated 40% of all Americans take a multi vitamin or vitamin supplement? And yet, what they don't know is that more than 90% of their vitamin supplement's nutrients are not adequately absorbed by the
body, rendering them virtually useless, or at the very least, very watered down and ineffective for their intended therapeutic purpose. You'll see why a liquid vitamin supplement is so much more effective than the ever so common chewable or 'horse pill' vitamin that so many Americans take, thinking they are really gaining a benefit.
So, why are multivitamin supplements so popular in American society? Well, it is largely due to our generally fast paced lifestyles, which can make it difficult to ensure we consume all the proper vitamins and minerals in each meal. Hence, the booming market of multivitamin supplements and mineral supplements was born in an effort to improve our lives by feeding our bodies what they weren't getting through our natural diet and food selections, and to compensate for high stress, high anxiety lifestyles.
Why a Liquid Multi Vitamin vs. a Chewable?
The primary reason that liquid vitamin supplements are dramatically more effective in the human body is that, due to their liquid nature, they are much more easily digested and more readily absorbed by the digestive tract, rather than passed through the body in hard pill form, undigested, and unused.
Since the body needs to work less to break down the vitamins and minerals in a liquid form, it is much more quick to absorb and disperse the nutrients to the various areas and organs of the body via the blood stream, to be utilized and used by the organs that need them the most.
In chewable or whole pill form, many times the majority of the nutrients are not even broken down in the digestive tract due to the "dense" nature of the vitamins and minerals, and they are therefore passed through the body at the most crucial moments of absorption where the body "snaps up" the nutrients it craves and needs to most, as undigested.
The popularity of the liquid vitamin supplement has grown leaps and bounds in popularity precisely for this reason. The American public has been growing more and more tired of feeling run down, and they want a vitamin that is going to really work, and make them feel great. Liquid mutlivitamins are answering
that demand - and they're proving to be extremely effective in doing so

Sleep Deprivation Treatment

Sleep Deprivation Treatment

If you are someone who suffers from sleep deprivation, you already know that this is something that can cause problems for you that are large and affect every area of your life.
When you sleep, your body repairs itself and refreshes itself, and if you find yourself running short for too long, you are going to feel as though you are constantly tired, vaguely ill and unable to focus. Because this is a poor way to live your life, make sure that you consider some sleep deprivation treatments. There are many different approaches to this problem, but make sure that you try as many as you can until you find one that works for you.
When you are looking for a way to get rid of your sleep deprivation, remember that in many cases, you may be dealing with a very simple cause. To this end, if you are unaware of what the cause is, keep a diary. Keep track of what you have done throughout the day, along with any medications that you took, any particular events that stand out and what you ate. Then when you wake up in the morning, make a note of how well you slept. This can help you isolate different factors that might be affecting the way that you can or cannot sleep. Remember that in some cases, you will find that you can identify a positive factor rather than a negative one, so take some time to really consider what the information that you are seeing points to.
Another sleep deprivation treatment that you may be interested in hypnosis. Far from just being an entertaining state experience, you will find that hypnosis has helped many people reclaim their sleep cycle. If your sleep deprivation comes from emotional issues, or they are due to something that is far beyond your control, or even caused by something that is irrational, you’ll find that hypnosis is something that can be very helpful. This can allow you to bypass the thinking mind and go directly to the subconscious, where you can speak to the root of the problem.
For some people, sleep deprivation and insomnia are tied up with physical problems. Sleep apnea is a condition where a person may stop breathing when they sleep, which can lead to them waking up and not being able to sleep for long stretches. If something is blocking the nasal passages and causing this problem, you will find that surgery may be the only way to really take care of it.
Take some time to think about your problems with sleep deprivation. The right treatment is going to be the one that targets the right cause. Make sure that you pay attention to the symptoms that you are evidencing and that you keep a sharp eye on what else is going on in your life. This is something that can change the way you sleep. Remember that you deserve a decent night’s rest, and that in some cases, the only way to get it is to make a real effort!

Sleep Deprivation Symptoms

Sleep Deprivation Symptoms

Sleep deprivation is defined as having too little sleep for either a long or short period of time. When an individual sleeps the body repairs and refreshes itself, so if an individual is not getting enough sleep, the body suffers because it does not receive the proper amount of time to repair and refresh itself.
An average adult requires between seven and nine hours per night though it is something that few people in today's world can successfully achieve. Many are even unaware that they are sleep deprived.
Sleep deprivation can occur for many reasons such as a nightmare, insomnia, stress due to family responsibilities or work, excessive worry, depression, time change, a new baby, anxiety, menopause, undiagnosed medical condition, or an undiagnosed sleep disorder. Sleep deprivation can have serious effects on an individual's health and productivity. Companies lose millions of dollars due to accidents and mistakes caused by sleep deprived employees. Sleep deprived individuals on the roadway pose a hazard to themselves as well as others. Someone that is suffering from sleep deprivation will driving can be just as dangerous as a drunk driver due to slower reaction time.
The most common symptom of sleep deprivation is fatigue. Other symptoms include loss of memory, slurred speech, irritability, difficulty with social or personal relationships, hypertension, tremors, blurred vision, slower reaction time, anxiety, becoming easily irritated, unable to solve problems, inability to focus on thoughts or tasks, intolerance to activity, decreased level of energy, and clumsiness. Sleep deprivation can also affect an individual's metabolism and can result in weight gain, diabetes, and hypertension. The symptoms of sleep deprivation should not be ignored because they affect the way you feel.
Some of the symptoms can also include an increase in illness. Because the immune system recharges during sleep people suffering from this disorder are more frequently ill or take a longer getting over an illness. This disease leads to poor eating habits as well, individuals that are tired during the day due to lack of sleep tend to eat foods with more sugar, carbs, and caffeine to create energy. Others turn to tobacco or drugs to create energy.
In addition to medical conditions that may occur due to this sleeping disorder, physiological problems such as delusions, paranoia, and hallucinations can occur.
So, obviously, people suffering from this sleeping disorder need to get more sleep, but for many this is easier said than done. Fortunately there are many things that an individual can do to promote sleep. An individual can cure their own sleep deprivation by finding and correcting the source that is preventing them from getting the number of hours of sleep they require. For example, an individual that is dealing with a stressful work situation can move to a less stressful job thus alleviating the stress that is the cause of sleep deprivation. If that solution is the cause, or changing jobs is not an option, the individual suffering from this disease can try relaxation techniques, change of diet, or a change to their sleep environment.

Varicose Veins Treatments

Varicose Veins Treatments

What are Varicose Veins?
The word "varicose" comes from the Latin word "varix", meaning "twisted". Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that are usually bluish purple.
Small, one-way valves in veins ensure blood only flows towards the heart. In some people, these valves become weakened and blood collects in the veins, causing them to abnormally enlarge.
Varicose veins are most common on the legs, because leg veins must work against gravity. Standing increases pressure on leg veins.
Varicose veins are a common condition in the United States. Up to 25 percent of women are affected and up to 15 of men are affected.
Although in some people, varicose veins can be a cosmetic concern, in other people, they can cause swelling and uncomfortable aching, heaviness, or pain or be a sign of heart disease or circulatory disorders. If left untreated, varicose veins may lead to serious complications such as phlebitis (inflammation of the veins), skin ulcers, and blood clots.
What Causes Varicose Veins?
* Hormonal changes during pregnancy and menopause.
* Being overweight increases the pressure on veins.
* Prolonged sitting or standing restricts circuluation and puts added pressure on veins.
* Chronic constipation
* Genetics
* Aging
Natural Treatments for Varicose Veins
These are some of the natural treatments that have been explored for varicose veins. Many of them are believed to work by strengthening veins, which reduces fluid leakage from vessel walls.
At any time, if varicose veins become swollen, red, or tender and warm to the touch, or if there are sores, ulcers, or a rash near the varicose vein, see your doctor.
1) Horse Chestnut Extract
The herb horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) is one of the most widely used natural treatments for varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency, a related condition.
The active constituent in horse chestnut is a compound called aescin. Aescin appears to block the release of enzymes that damage capillary walls.
In 2006, researchers with the respected Cochrane Collaboration reviewed studies involving the use of oral horse chestnut extract or placebo for people with chronic venous insufficiency.
The researchers found an improvement in the signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency with horse chestnut extract compared with placebo. Horse chestnut extract resulted in a significant reduction in leg pain and swelling compared with a placebo.
Adverse events were usually mild and infrequent. The researchers concluded that based on the evidence, horsechestnut extract was an effective and safe short-term treatment for chronic venous insufficiency. None of the studies, however, evaluated whether the extract could reduce the appearance of varicose veins.
Whole horse chestnut is considered unsafe by the FDA and can lead to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, convulsions, circulatory and respiratory failure, and even death. Tea, leaves, nuts, and other crude forms of the horse chestnut plant should also be avoided.
Manufacturers of horse chestnut products remove the toxic component, esculin. These products appear to be safe, as there have been few reports of harmful side effects despite being widely used in Europe.
People with kidney or liver disease and bleeding disorders should avoid horse chestnut. The safety of horse chestnut in pregnant or nursing women or children has not been established. Horse chestnut should not be combined with aspirin, Plavix (clopidogrel), Ticlid (ticlopidine), Trental (pentoxifylline), Coumadin (warfarin), and other anticoagulant ("blood-thinning") drugs unless under medical supervision as these medications may increase the effect of the medication.
2) Grape Seed and Pine Bark Extracts
The extract of grape seeds (Vitis vinifera) and pine bark (Pinus maritima) both contain oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes (OPCs), antioxidants that appear to strengthen the connective tissue structure of blood vessels and reduce inflammation.
Studies suggest that OPCs help people with various veins. Grape seed extract should not be confused with grapefruit seed extract.
The most commonly reported side effects are digestive complaints such as nausea and upset stomach.
People with autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and Crohn's disease, should not take pine back or grapeseed extract unless under a doctor's supervision because of its effects on the immune system. The safety of pine bark and grapeseed extracts have not been established in pregnant or nursing women or children.
Pine bark or grapeseed extracts should not be combined with medications that suppress the immune system or with corticosteroids, unless under medical supervision.
3) Butcher's broom
A plant in the lily family, Butcher's broom (Ruscus aculeatus) is also known as box holly or knee holly. It contains ruscogenins, constituents believed to strengthen collagen in blood vessel walls and improve circulation. This is thought to tighten weak, stretched vessels such as those associated with varicose veins.
Side effects of butcher's broom may include digestive complaints such as indigestion or nausea. People with high blood pressure or benign prostate hyperplasia should not take butcher's broom without first consulting a doctor. The safety of butcher's broom in pregnant or nursing women or children has not been established.
Butcher's broom should not be taken with medication for high blood pressure, benign prostate hyperplasia, or MAO inhibitors unless under medical supervision.
4) Reflexology
Reflexology is a form of bodywork that focuses primarily on the feet. One small study compared reflexology with rest in 55 pregnant women. Reflexology significantly reduced leg swelling.
Pregnant women should consult their doctor before having reflexology. Some sources say that reflexology should not be done during the first trimester. For more information about reflexology, read the Reflexology Fact Sheet

Nail Fungus Symptoms

Nail Fungus Symptoms

Many of our site visitors want to know what toenail fungus looks like. Below is a recent question received about the symptoms of fingernail fungus. We have had a leading medical professional respond.
Question:
Because I have not received a response to my original posting on your site and it was my first time providing feedback in this manner, I thought it might help to include more information. I have been trying to search about the symptoms of fingernail fungus but have not found very much information that really helped explain this condition. The reason that I am concerned is because a couple of days ago, I noticed that my fingernails were becoming black and I had no idea what was happening. What are fingernail fungus symptoms? Could I have an infection?
Answer:
A fingernail infection is not a pleasant sight. See the fingernail fungus picture below to have an idea of what an infected nail looks like.
Before I talk about the symptoms of fingernail fungus, let’s consider what a healthy fingernail looks like. A healthy nail is transparent and reveals pink skin underneath it. As the nail grows out, it becomes white where it is no longer attached to the underlying skin.
Fingernail fungus symptoms include nails that:
* Have a yellow, brownish discoloration, starting at the end of the fingernail and working its way back underneath.
* May become so thick that they are hard to trim, causing pain and tenderness that disrupts daily activities, such as walking as well as putting on socks or shoes.
* Look like they have little white or black patches.
* Get flaky, brittle, and chipped.
* The nails may smell bad.
* Collect or debris underneath.
* Little bumps may appear that look like they have small pus pockets.
If it is not treated, the fungus spreads and can infect the entire nail, causing you to lose it. The sooner you visit your doctor and get it diagnosed with an effective treatment, the sooner you can regain healthier looking fingernails. One treatment I recommend is Fungisil for a rapid cure without any of the side effects of prescription medicine. Fungisil Reviews.

Black Nail Fungus

Black Nail Fungus

Although fingernail fungus infections are fairly common, black fungus is rare. Black fungus infection is particularly bothersome, because (as the name implies) it manifests itself in a very unattractive way.
Black fungus, like all nail fungus infections, thrives in the warm moist environment that exists under the nail. As the fungus multiplies under the fingernail it takes a substantial toll on the nail bed.
A nail fungus in its early stages often causes some yellowish discoloration of the fingernail. If the infection is left untreated the fungus grows and produces spores which lead to dark brown or black discoloration on the nail.
Black fungus occurs at an advanced stage of a nail infection. In addition to the discoloration the sufferer may notice that the nail is thicker, deformed or flaky. In severe cases there may be peeling of the skin that is near the finger nail and possible severe pain at the fingertip. If black fungus is left untreated it can cause permanent damage to the nail, leaving it ragged and distorted. The fungus can spread to the skin and cause a surface infection of the skin around the nails. This infection is called paronychia and it can result in painful lesions, redness, swelling and pus filled blisters on the fingers and hands. Medical treatment is often required when a nail infection reaches this advanced stage.
Black fungus is commonly seen in people who frequently work in the garden. Wearing gloves while gardening and washing your hands thoroughly after working in the garden will help prevent an infection from occurring. If you receive a cut or nick on your finger while gardening, be sure to immediately apply first aid so that the fungus will not gain entry through the cut. The failure to apply first aid immediately can give the fungus a chance to grow and thrive.
People can get black fungus infection from other person through contact. Public places like swimming pools and public bath stalls can are places where the infection can survive and thrive. Pedicure and manicure centers can also spread the black fungus infection if they use improperly sterilized equipment. If you have professional manicures performed on your feet you should bring your own pedicure tools so that you will know they are sterile in order to protect yourself from black nail fungus.

Thyroid Gland Problems

Thyroid Gland Problems

The Latest Natural Treatment For Thyroid Problems
There are many natural ways to support a healthy functioning thyroid gland. A healthy diet, herbs, homoeopathic medicine and other natural therapies can provide positive outcomes for your hormone health.
Diet & Thyroid Gland Problems
* Avoid caffeine as it can have a suppressive effect on thyroid gland function. Green tea is the exception as it is beneficial for thyroid gland function.
* Eat zinc-rich foods such as oysters and pumpkin seeds.
* Eat selenium-rich foods such as asparagus, Brazil nuts, grains, garlic and mushrooms.
* Cook your brassica vegetables for six to seven minutes. These vegetables contain ‘goitrogens’ which prevent the use of iodine. Goitrogens are found in broccoli, sweet potato, cabbage, cauliflower, turnips, brussel sprouts and mustard greens. Cooking inactivates the thyroid inhibiting effect.
* Balance the intake of soy with iodine-rich foods such as Japanese sea vegetables e.g. nori, wakame, kombu and arame.
* For more detailed thyroid diet information refer to The Natural Thyroid Diet: Stop Eating The Foods That Damage Your Thyroid
Supplements & Thyroid Gland Problems
* A good quality multivitamin and mineral formula containing vitamins A, B complex, C, E, magnesium and manganese. These are all important for thyroid gland function.
* Iodine is necessary for the formation of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), two principle hormones secreted by the thyroid gland.
* L-tyrosine (together with iodine) produces thyroid hormones that control the body’s metabolism. A deficiency of tyrosine leads to hypothyroidism and low adrenal function.
* Zinc is essential for successful conversion of T4 to active T3.
* Selenium assists in removing toxins from the body and is essential for conversion of T4 into T3. Many agricultural areas are extremely deficient in selenium, so supplements are highly recommended.
* Coenzyme Q10 assists with energy production and cell function.
NB. For best results, try these recommended supplements for a period of three months. These supplements are best taken under the care and guidance of your health practitioner.
Herbs & Thyroid Gland Problems
* Bladderwrack is a herb traditionally used for an under active thyroid gland. It contains high amounts of iodine which may be responsible for stimulating production of thyroid hormones.
* Bacopa is a herb that stimulates thyroid gland function and is also used for memory and concentration problems.
* Withania, Licorice, Codonopsis and Siberian Ginseng provide adrenal stress support and promising results for healthy thyroid gland hormones.
NB. You should not take any of the above herbs if you are taking the oral contraceptive pill, fertility drugs, HRT or any other hormonal treatment or other medication unless they are recommended by a registered practitioner.
Other Natural Treatment For Thyroid Problems
* Homoeopathic medicines prescribed by your homeopath or naturopath can have positive effects on your thyroid gland balance.
* Acupuncture can help balance hormones and facilitate the free flow of energy through the body.
* Aromatherapy can assist and support the reproductive system, and gently contribute to rebalancing your hormones.
NB. Always consult a registered health practitioner.
More Tips For Healthy Thyroid Function
* Exercise can help stimulate your metabolism, improve your stress coping mechanism and improve mood health and heart health.
* Since stress affects the adrenal glands, and since poor adrenal gland functioning can affect the thyroid gland, stress management is essential in the overall treatment of thyroid gland problems. Meditation, yoga, tai chi, reading a book, going for a walk or doing something you find relaxing should be incorporated into your daily life.
* Make sure your liver function is in tip-top shape for thyroid hormone metabolism. Your Naturopath will be able to assist in boosting your liver function through diet, supplements and herbs.

Overactive Thyroid Gland

Overactive Thyroid Gland

This factsheet is for people who have an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), or who would like information about it.
Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland is too active and produces an excess of thyroid hormones. This makes the body's functions speed up and leads to symptoms such as shaking, weight loss and anxiety.
In the UK, about one in 500 men and one in 50 women will develop hyperthyroidism at some point in their lives in the UK.
* About the thyroid gland
* Symptoms
* Causes
* Diagnosis
* Treatment
* Questions and answers
* Related topics
* Further information
* Sources
About the thyroid gland
The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland. This means that it secretes hormones into your bloodstream. Hormones are chemicals produced by the body to help regulate how your cells and organs work. They are sometimes called chemical messengers.
Your thyroid gland is located in the neck in front of your windpipe. It is about 2cm wide and 4cm high.
What are the thyroid hormones?
The thyroid gland secretes two hormones: thyroxine (also called T4) and triiodothyronine (also called T3).
Together, these hormones regulate your body's metabolism. They control how quickly your body burns energy and how quickly reactions in your body happen.
Your rate of metabolism affects lots of things, such as how much you weigh and how much you sleep. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine speed up the body's metabolism, causing organs and processes in your body to work faster.
The production of the thyroid hormones is controlled by another hormone called thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). This is made by an endocrine gland in the brain called the pituitary gland.
Symptoms
Hyperthyroidism has many different symptoms. In general, they relate to a speeding up of your body's metabolism. Some of the symptoms include:
* feeling nervous, irritable or emotional
* tremor (shaking)
* sleeping poorly
* being intolerant of heat and sweating more than usual
* losing weight despite increased appetite (10% of people will gain weight)
* feeling tired
* muscle weakness
* increased heart rate or palpitations
* having infrequent periods or problems getting pregnant
* having more frequent bowel movements or diarrhoea
* shortness of breath, especially when exercising
* loss of hair or finer hair than usual
* swelling of the thyroid gland in the neck (goitre)
* swollen/red eyes, or double vision (see Graves' disease)
Overactive and underactive thyroid
The opposite condition to hyperthyroidism is hypothyroidism. This happens when the thyroid is underactive and doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones. This slows down the body's metabolism, causing symptoms such as weight gain, tiredness and feeling cold.
For more information see Related topics.
Causes
Graves' disease
Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the UK. It is more likely to occur in women between the ages of 30 and 50. Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease. This means that it's caused by antibodies from your immune system attacking your body.
In Graves' disease, the antibodies mimic the activity of TSH, causing the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone, leading to hyperthyroid symptoms (see Symptoms).
About one in 20 people with Graves' disease also develop thyroid eye disease, also called Graves' ophthalmopathy. This is when the muscles in your eyes and surrounding tissue swell up, giving the eyes a bulging appearance. Your eyes may become red and puffy, and, occasionally, it can lead to double vision or limited eyeball movement. Thyroid eye disease doesn't always develop at exactly the same time as Graves' disease. It can occur before or after it as well.
You are more likely to get Graves' disease if you have close relatives affected by it.
Nodular thyroid disease
Small lumps or nodules within the thyroid gland also cause hyperthyroidism. Abnormal thyroid tissue within these nodules produces too much thyroid hormone. If one nodule forms, this is called toxic solitary adenoma. If more than one nodule forms, it is called a toxic multinodular goitre.
Other causes
There are other causes of hyperthyroidism, but these are rarer. For example, an inflamed thyroid gland (thyroiditis), which can be caused by a viral infection or an autoimmune attack, causes hyperthyroidism. Thyroiditis is also more likely if you are pregnant.
If you take too much medication that contains iodine, it may cause hyperthyroidism. An example is amiodarone, which is used to treat irregular heart beats.
Diagnosis
If you consistently have some or all of the symptoms given above you should talk to your GP about it. He or she will ask you about your symptoms, examine you, and may request some blood tests.
Blood tests
Hyperthyroidism can be diagnosed relatively easily with blood tests that check the levels of your thyroid hormones. The proportions of the different hormones can also help your doctor to decide what is causing your hyperthyroidism. Sometimes the presence of certain antibodies is also checked.
Other tests
If blood tests confirm that you have an overactive thyroid, your doctor will refer you to an endocrinologist (doctor who specialises in conditions that affect your hormones). He or she may do more tests to find out the cause of your hypothyroidism. Some of these tests are described below.
* Iodine uptake test. A radioactive form of iodine is injected into your bloodstream; the thyroid uses this iodine to make thyroxine and triiodothyronine. The amount of iodine taken up is measured with a scanner. The dose of radioactivity is very low and isn't dangerous to you.
* Ultrasound scanning. This measures the size of a goitre and whether it is pressing on neighbouring tissues in the neck.
Treatment
Your GP may give you drugs called beta-blockers to help control the symptoms of your hyperthyroidism. He or she may also refer you to an endocrinologist for treatment.
Treatment aims to bring your levels of thyroid hormones down to normal. This state is known as being euthyroid.
Medicines
Antithyroid drugs such as carbimazole and propylthiouracil suppress the production of your thyroid hormones and can control hyperthyroidism.
However, over time antithyroid drugs can lead to hypothyroidism, so you will need regular blood tests to monitor whether you are taking the correct dose.
Antithyroid drugs are prescribed for between 6 and 18 months. However, many people have a relapse and need longer term treatment.
Surgery
Another treatment is thyroidectomy. In this operation all or part of the thyroid gland is surgically removed.
Your doctor may suggest a thyroidectomy if you haven't responded to other treatments, if you are pregnant and can't take antithyroid drugs or if he or she thinks you may have thyroid cancer.
Thyroidectomy isn't a dangerous operation, but like any surgery, there are risks. These include bleeding, infection or damage to nearby nerves or other tissues. Talk to your doctor for more information.
Other treatments
Radioiodine
Radioiodine treatment can be used for most types of hyperthyroidism.
Radioiodine is iodine that has been made radioactive, similar to the iodine used for an iodine uptake scan (See Diagnosis). When the radioiodine is given in a tablet or drink form, it is taken up by your thyroid gland. As the radioactivity builds up it destroys some of the thyroid tissue. This allows the levels of your thyroid hormones to return to normal.
If just the right amount of radioiodine is given, it may be possible to destroy a portion of the thyroid gland so that it produces the correct level of thyroid hormones, but this is difficult.
Alternatively, you may be given a single large dose of radioiodine with the intention of stopping all thyroid activity. You can then take thyroxine tablets to prevent hypothyroidism from developing.
Radioiodine is not used in pregnant or breastfeeding women.
Treatment for thyroid eye disease
You may need treatment for the eye symptoms which can develop with Graves' disease (See Graves' disease). Options include eye drops, sunglasses or eye protectors for sleeping. Treatment for more severe eye problems include steroid tablets, radiation therapy or surgery. Talk to your doctor for more advice.